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Cones and temperatures

Cones are pieces of ceramic that help you gauge whether a kiln has reached sufficient temperature and whether the pottery will have been fired the correct amount. Cones measure ‘heat-work’, which is a combination of the temperature reached, and the time it took to become that hot.

The below guide indicates at what temperatures cones react at a specific ramp rate. It also includes a guide for the various applications cones are used for.

Recommended Use	Cone Number	Final Temperature Required @ 132°C p/h	Final Temperature Required @ 42°C p/h
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	012	884°C	866°
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	011	891°C	886°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	010	894°C	887°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	09	923°C	915°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	08	955°C	945°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	07	984°C	973°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	06	999°C	991°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	05	1046°C	1031°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	04	1060°C	1050°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	03	1101°C	1086°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	02	1120°C	1101°C
Ceramic/Bisque/Glaze	01	1137°C	1117°C
Stoneware/Porcelain/Porcelain Glazes	1	1154°C	1136°C
Stoneware/Porcelain/Porcelain Glazes	2	1162°C	1136°C
Stoneware/Porcelain/Porcelain Glazes	3	1168°C	1151°C
Stoneware/Porcelain/Porcelain Glazes	4	1186°C	1168­°C
Stoneware/Porcelain/Porcelain Glazes	5	1196°C	1177°C
Stoneware/Porcelain/Porcelain Glazes	6	1222°C	1201°C
Stoneware/Porcelain/Porcelain Glazes	7	1240°C	1215°C
Stoneware/Porcelain/Porcelain Glazes	8	1263°C	1236°C

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